Kiwi plants are gaining popularity as a versatile and rewarding crop for home gardeners. Native to Eastern Asia, kiwi vines produce vibrant green fruit with tiny black edible seeds. Whether you prefer the smooth-skinned hardy kiwi (Actinidia arguta), which thrives in zones 4–9, or the traditional fuzzy tender kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa), suited for zones 8–9, these plants are excellent additions to a backyard garden. Here’s how to grow and care for kiwi plants effectively.

Choosing the Right Kiwi Variety

For beginners, the self-fertile Issai Hardy Kiwi is a great option as it produces fruit even in milder winters. Tender kiwis, on the other hand, require both a male and female vine for pollination and fruit production. Kiwi vines generally start fruiting within 1–6 years of planting, depending on care and environmental conditions.

Planting Kiwi

Kiwi plants thrive in well-drained soil and require a site protected from strong winds. Plant vines 10–15 feet apart to provide adequate space for growth. Kiwi vines are water-intensive, so be sure to water them deeply and frequently, especially during hot weather.

Fertilizing Kiwi Plants

Apply nitrogen fertilizers only after the first year, and focus on enriching the soil with calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and potassium for optimal growth. High-quality compost or natural kelp-based products can provide balanced nutrients while supporting the plant's health. Avoid synthetic fertilizers, as these can harm beneficial soil organisms and encourage excessive top growth.

Pruning and Supporting Kiwi Vines

Kiwi vines require support structures like trellises or arbors, as they can spread up to 30 feet. Most fruit grows on new shoots emerging from one-year-old wood, so prune vines during dormancy to encourage productive growth. Avoid pruning after buds swell, as this can weaken the plant and lead to sap loss.

Harvesting and Storing Kiwi

Harvest kiwis when the skin color changes from green to brown, or when the first fruits begin to soften. Pick the fruit hard, then allow it to ripen at room temperature. Properly harvested kiwi can be stored in the refrigerator for up to four months or at room temperature for two weeks.

With proper care and attention, kiwi plants can become a valuable and delicious addition to your home garden. Start growing kiwi today and enjoy this unique fruit for years to come!