What is Double Digging?
Double digging is a soil preparation technique that involves loosening soil to a depth of about two spade lengths (12-24 inches). It originated with French market gardeners in the 19th century and is a cornerstone of French intensive gardening. This method is ideal for breaking up compacted soil, improving drainage, and promoting healthy root growth.
Benefits of Double Digging
- Improves soil structure: Double digging loosens compacted soil, making it easier for roots to penetrate and access nutrients.
- Enhances drainage: Prevents waterlogging by creating a well-aerated growing environment.
- Prevents hardpan: Unlike rototilling, double digging avoids creating a compacted layer beneath the soil surface.
When to Double Dig
Double digging is best for compacted or poorly drained soil. Avoid using this technique if your soil is already loose and loamy, as it can disturb beneficial earthworms and microorganisms. Ensure the soil is dry enough by performing the squeeze test: dig down six inches, grab a handful of soil, and squeeze it. If it crumbles easily, it’s ready for digging.
How to Double Dig: Step-by-Step Guide
Tools You’ll Need
- Spade
- Digging fork or broadfork
- Wheelbarrow or tub
- Compost and fertilizer
- Stakes and string
Step 1: Prepare Your Garden Bed
Mark out your garden bed with stakes and string. The width should be no smaller than the width of your broadfork.
Step 2: Dig the First Trench
Dig a trench about 12 inches deep across the width of the bed. Place the removed soil in a wheelbarrow or tub.
Step 3: Loosen the Subsoil
Use a broadfork to loosen the soil at the bottom of the trench. This improves aeration and allows roots to penetrate deeper into the soil.
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Step 4: Add Amendments
Incorporate compost and slow-moving fertilizers, like phosphorus, into the loosened soil. This enriches the soil and provides essential nutrients for plant growth.
Step 5: Repeat the Process
Dig a second trench next to the first one, placing the topsoil into the first trench. Continue this pattern until you reach the final trench, which is filled with the soil from the first trench.
Step 6: Water and Finish
Water the bed lightly to settle the soil and prepare it for planting. Your garden is now ready for a French intensive approach!
Tips for Successful Double Digging
- Work in small sections to avoid overexertion.
- Double dig only the areas where planting will occur to save time and effort.
- Incorporate cover crops after double digging to maintain soil health.
Conclusion
Double digging is a time-tested method for improving compacted soil and creating healthy, productive garden beds. By following these steps and incorporating tools like a broadfork, you can prepare your soil for a thriving garden. Explore our collection of broadforks and grow organic for life!
