This archived video introduces the history of the organic movement. Because certification rules and allowed inputs can change, use the current USDA resources below for labeling and production requirements.
What USDA Organic Means
USDA organic is a regulated production and labeling system. Certified operations follow the USDA organic regulations, keep required records, and are overseen by a USDA-accredited certifying agent. The label refers to how an agricultural product is produced and handled; it is not a general guarantee about taste, nutrition, yield, or health outcomes.
Allowed and Prohibited Inputs
Most synthetic substances are prohibited in organic production unless they are specifically allowed on the National List. Some natural substances are also prohibited. For that reason, “organic” is not accurately described as chemical-free or pesticide-free.
Review the USDA's current organic certification basics and National List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances.
Organic, Non-GMO, and Natural Are Different Claims
- Certified organic: verifies compliance with the USDA organic standards.
- Non-GMO: addresses genetic engineering but does not by itself indicate organic certification. Genetic engineering is prohibited in certified organic production.
- Natural: is not a substitute for USDA organic certification.
- Untreated seed: describes treatment status and does not by itself mean certified organic.
How to Evaluate Seed Listings
Product attributes vary by supplier and seed lot. Check the individual product page and packet for the current organic certification statement, certifier, treatment status, botanical name, hybrid or open-pollinated status, and planting guidance. Do not infer certification from a collection name or from related terms such as heirloom or non-GMO.
Learn more in our Seed Terms guide and browse the Non-GMO and Organic Seeds collection, verifying each listing before purchase.