Cherries are one of the most anticipated fruits of summer, known for their juicy sweetness and vibrant color. For gardeners who enjoy growing their own cherries or simply want to know when to find the best fresh cherries, understanding the timing of cherry season can make all the difference. The exact season for cherries depends on factors such as variety, climate, and region, but generally, cherries are a summer fruit that ripens during a relatively short window. Here’s a guide to help you understand when cherries are in season and how to make the most of this delicious fruit.

When Are Cherries Typically in Season?

Cherries are usually in season from late spring through midsummer, depending on the type and location. In the United States, cherry season typically spans from May to July, with peak availability in June. However, the timing can vary significantly by region and climate:

1. Southern and Western U.S.: In warmer regions like California and the Pacific Northwest, cherry season often begins as early as late April or May, reaching its peak by June. California is one of the largest cherry producers in the U.S., so it’s often the first state to harvest cherries, providing fresh cherries as early as spring.

2. Northern and Midwestern U.S.: In cooler regions, cherry season starts later, generally from mid-June to early July. Michigan is a major cherry-producing state in the Midwest, especially for tart cherries, which are popular for cooking and baking. Michigan cherries are usually harvested from late June through July, providing fresh fruit in midsummer.

3. Northeastern U.S.: In the Northeast, cherry season tends to fall between late June and early August. The colder climate in these areas means cherries ripen later than in warmer regions, but they often benefit from a slightly longer growing season, allowing for well-developed flavors.

Cherry Varieties and Their Seasons

The season for cherries also depends on the type of cherry being grown. There are two main types of cherries: sweet cherries and tart (or sour) cherries, each with its own ripening period.

1. Sweet Cherries: Sweet cherry varieties, such as ‘Bing,’ ‘Rainier,’ and ‘Lapins,’ are the most popular for fresh eating. They are typically harvested from late May through early July, depending on the climate. ‘Bing’ cherries are one of the earliest to ripen, often available in May in warm regions. ‘Rainier’ cherries, a yellow-red variety known for its sweetness, ripen slightly later, around mid-June, and are highly prized for fresh consumption.

2. Tart (Sour) Cherries: Tart cherries, like ‘Montmorency’ and ‘Balaton,’ ripen later than sweet cherries, typically from late June to early August. Tart cherries are commonly used in baking, preserves, and other culinary applications due to their tangy flavor. Michigan and other northern states are major producers of tart cherries, which usually reach their peak in July.

Factors That Influence Cherry Season

The timing of cherry season can vary each year based on weather conditions and climate. Here are some of the main factors that influence when cherries will be ready for harvest:

1. Climate: Cherries require a certain number of chill hours (cold periods during winter) to set fruit, followed by a warm growing season. This is why cherries thrive in regions with distinct winter and summer seasons. In areas with warmer winters, early-blooming varieties may produce cherries sooner, while regions with cooler summers might see a slightly delayed harvest.

2. Weather: Weather patterns in spring can also impact cherry season. A warm, early spring can cause cherries to ripen earlier, while a late frost or cooler spring can delay the harvest. Unpredictable weather can sometimes reduce the yield or quality of the cherries, especially if frost occurs after the blossoms have opened.

3. Growing Conditions: Proper care and maintenance of cherry trees also play a role in the timing and quality of the harvest. Cherry trees that receive adequate sunlight, water, and nutrients are more likely to produce abundant fruit on schedule. Gardeners can help by providing consistent care throughout the growing season, including pruning, fertilizing, and monitoring for pests.

Maximizing the Cherry Harvest for Home Gardeners

For gardeners growing cherries at home, knowing when to expect a harvest and how to care for the trees can enhance the quality and yield of the fruit. Here are some tips for managing cherry season in your garden:

1. Choose the Right Variety: When planting cherry trees, consider both your climate and your preference for sweet or tart cherries. In colder regions, select varieties that are cold-hardy, such as ‘Montmorency’ for tart cherries or ‘Lapins’ for sweet cherries. Warmer regions may support early-blooming varieties like ‘Bing.’

2. Protect Against Frost: Spring frost is a common threat to cherry trees, particularly in areas where temperatures can drop unexpectedly. Covering young trees with frost cloth during sudden cold spells can help protect blossoms and ensure a successful crop. Once the blossoms are damaged by frost, fruit production for that year may be compromised.

3. Practice Proper Pruning: Regular pruning encourages healthy growth and can improve fruit quality. Cherry trees benefit from pruning in late winter or early spring before buds start to form. Proper pruning helps with air circulation, reduces the risk of disease, and allows sunlight to reach all parts of the tree, which is essential for producing flavorful fruit.

4. Use Bird Protection: Birds are drawn to ripe cherries and can quickly strip a tree of its fruit. Netting can protect the tree from birds during the ripening season. Be sure to apply the netting before the fruit starts to ripen to keep birds from reaching the cherries.

5. Harvesting at Peak Ripeness: Cherries do not continue to ripen after being picked, so it’s crucial to harvest them at the right time. Ripe cherries should be firm, plump, and easily detach from the stem. Sweet cherries will be juicy and sweet when fully ripe, while tart cherries should have a bright red color. Check your trees daily as the fruit approaches ripeness, as cherries can go from ripe to overripe quickly, especially in hot weather.

Extending the Season

For gardeners interested in extending cherry season, consider planting multiple varieties with different ripening times. By choosing early, mid, and late-season varieties, you can enjoy a continuous harvest over several weeks. This approach is particularly useful for sweet cherry lovers who want a longer supply of fresh fruit.

Storing and Using Cherries After Harvest

Cherries have a relatively short shelf life, so it’s best to enjoy or preserve them shortly after picking. Fresh cherries can be stored in the refrigerator for up to a week, but they’re best eaten within a few days for optimal flavor and texture. For long-term storage, consider freezing, canning, or drying cherries. Tart cherries are especially well-suited for preserving, as their flavor holds up well in pies, jams, and sauces.

In Summary

Knowing when cherries are in season allows gardeners and cherry enthusiasts to make the most of this flavorful fruit. Whether you’re growing cherries at home or visiting local farms and markets, understanding the timing of cherry season helps you find and harvest the ripest, juiciest cherries. With proper care and timing, you’ll be able to enjoy a delicious cherry harvest every year, celebrating one of summer’s sweetest offerings.