Nasturtiums are beloved for their vibrant flowers, lush foliage, and versatility in the garden. These easy-to-grow plants are perfect for adding color to landscapes, providing edible flowers, and even benefiting nearby plants through companion planting. This guide explores how to grow and care for nasturtiums, how to choose the best variety, and tips for organic and sustainable gardening with these delightful blooms.

How to Grow and Care for Nasturtiums

Planting Nasturtiums

Nasturtiums thrive in full sun and well-draining soil. They are hardy plants that can grow in less-than-ideal conditions, but their performance improves in nutrient-poor soils, which encourage more flowers and fewer leaves. For best results, plant nasturtium seeds directly in the garden after the last frost date.

To plant nasturtiums:

1. Prepare the soil: Loosen the soil to a depth of 8–10 inches and avoid adding excess fertilizer.
2. Plant the seeds: Sow nasturtium seeds about 1/2 inch deep and 10–12 inches apart.
3. Water lightly: Keep the soil evenly moist but not soggy until the seeds germinate, typically within 7–10 days.

Caring for Nasturtiums

Nasturtium care is straightforward, making them an excellent choice for beginners and experienced gardeners alike:

• Watering: Nasturtiums prefer slightly dry conditions once established. Water deeply but infrequently, allowing the soil to dry out between waterings.
• Pruning: Deadhead spent blooms to encourage continuous flowering and prevent self-seeding if desired.
• Pest and Disease Management: These plants are generally pest-resistant, but aphids may occasionally appear. Organic solutions, such as spraying with neem oil or introducing beneficial insects, are effective for control.

Choosing the Right Nasturtium Variety

With so many nasturtium varieties available, selecting the right one depends on your gardening goals and space.

Varieties for Ground Cover

For spreading ground cover or trailing over edges, choose varieties like ‘Jewel Mix’ or ‘Alaska’. These types produce vibrant blooms and are excellent for filling in bare spots or cascading over walls.

Varieties for Climbing and Trellising

Climbing nasturtiums, such as ‘Tall Climbing Mix’, are ideal for vertical gardening. These vigorous growers can be trained to climb trellises, fences, or arbors, adding height and visual interest to your garden.

Compact Varieties for Containers

If you’re interested in growing nasturtiums in pots, look for compact varieties like ‘Empress of India’ or ‘Peach Melba’. These dwarf nasturtium flowers thrive in containers, making them perfect for patios or small gardens.

Growing Nasturtiums in Pots

Nasturtiums are incredibly adaptable and grow well in containers, making them a popular choice for gardeners with limited space. To grow nasturtiums in pots:

1. Choose a container: Select a pot with adequate drainage holes to prevent waterlogging.
2. Use suitable soil: Fill the container with a light, well-draining potting mix. Avoid overly rich soil to encourage blooms.
3. Plant the seeds: Sow nasturtium seeds directly into the container, spacing them 4–6 inches apart.
4. Provide sunlight: Place the container in a sunny location to maximize flower production.
5. Monitor water needs: Potted plants dry out faster than in-ground plants, so check soil moisture regularly and water as needed.

Nasturtium Flowers as Edible Blooms

Nasturtium flowers are not just visually stunning—they are also edible, with a peppery flavor reminiscent of arugula. Use the blossoms to garnish salads, soups, and desserts, or stuff them with soft cheese for an elegant appetizer. Their vibrant colors and unique taste make them a favorite in culinary gardens.

The leaves, seeds, and buds are also edible and can be pickled or used as a spicy caper substitute. Always grow nasturtiums organically if you plan to use them as edible flowers to ensure they are free of harmful chemicals.

Companion Planting with Nasturtiums

Nasturtiums are renowned for their role in organic companion planting. They act as a natural pest deterrent, attracting aphids away from crops like tomatoes, cucumbers, and brassicas. Their flowers also attract beneficial pollinators such as bees and butterflies, improving the overall health and productivity of your garden.

Plant nasturtiums alongside vegetables like zucchini and squash to repel squash bugs or near fruit trees to discourage whiteflies. Their versatility makes them a staple in sustainable gardening practices.

Sustainable and Organic Nasturtium Growing

Growing nasturtiums organically aligns with their low-maintenance nature. Follow these tips for sustainable gardening:

1. Avoid chemical fertilizers: Use organic compost or aged manure sparingly if needed.
2. Encourage natural pest control: Introduce ladybugs or lacewings to manage aphids naturally.
3. Save seeds: Allow some plants to go to seed at the end of the season. Nasturtium seeds are easy to collect and store, reducing the need for purchasing seeds annually.

Nasturtium Uses Beyond the Garden

The uses of nasturtiums extend far beyond their ornamental value:

• Culinary Uses: As mentioned, nasturtium flowers, leaves, and seeds are edible and add a gourmet touch to dishes.
• Medicinal Uses: Historically, nasturtiums have been used in herbal remedies. While modern gardeners should consult professionals before using plants medicinally, the tradition highlights the plant's versatility.
• Decorative Uses: Use nasturtium flowers in floral arrangements or as natural dyes for crafting.
• Wildlife Support: Their nectar-rich flowers attract bees and other pollinators, contributing to biodiversity in the garden.

In Summary

Growing nasturtiums is a rewarding experience for gardeners of all levels. Their easy care, vibrant flowers, and multitude of uses make them a must-have in any garden. Whether you’re planting nasturtiums for their beauty, as edible flowers, or as part of a companion planting strategy, these versatile plants will bring joy and functionality to your outdoor space. From compact varieties for pots to trailing climbers for trellises, there’s a nasturtium variety for every garden setting.

By incorporating organic and sustainable practices, you can enjoy the full benefits of nasturtiums while supporting the health of your garden ecosystem. Experiment with different varieties, collect seeds, and embrace the versatility of these delightful flowers to create a thriving and beautiful garden year after year.